Max Strong Pair XOR II

You are given an array of integers nums. A pair (i, j) is a strong pair if |nums[i] - nums[j]| <= min(nums[i], nums[j]). Find the maximum XOR value among all strong pairs. Use a binary trie with a sliding window to efficiently query and maintain valid candidates.

Examples
Input: []
Output: 0

Max Strong Pair XOR II

You are given an array of integers nums. A pair (i, j) is a strong pair if |nums[i] - nums[j]| <= min(nums[i], nums[j]). Find the maximum XOR value among all strong pairs. Use a binary trie with a sliding window to efficiently query and maintain valid candidates.